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Chris some additional questions your article raises:

- Why would steel require transhipment to Russia, rather than direct? like in oil and other commodities China and Russia trade direct?

- What makes you condfident that the steel is going to Russian arms, rather than other uses?

- Could China steel be going into steel production in Ukraine as well? have you done that analysis?

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Chris, I enjoyed reading this investigative piece. It raises two questions:

a. I believe Russia was an important exporter of steel before the war, importantly to Europe. Can you contextualise the redirection of those exports afor domestic or other export markets?

b. have you tried replicating this analysis for other sectors and products?

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